In spite of those issues, the flexibility inherent to this method and how it allows for layout switching, which you can see covered in Layout Manipulation, is the best reason to use it. Making the columns a little narrower than total width of the space they live in is sometimes a suitable work-around, but it’s not 100% fool-proof. It’s all dependent on how an email client renders tables or calculates widths. You’re likely to run into this problem if the column elements “touch” each other, like placing two 300px-wide columns next to each other in a 600px space. Because the columns are essentially floated, they tend to wrap under one another if there’s any layout wonkiness. So, what’s bad about this method? Instability. Setting the width of each column to 100% allows them to fill the available screen space, just as in the first example. Justify-content for horizontal or vertical alignment (centering, bottom, right, etc.).The default styling for the columns isn’t really a concern here, so let’s skip straight to the media query styles: Use auto-margins or Flexbox align-items and Rows are display:flex, and therefore Columns are equal height in the same row. Therefore, you only need to use the class for the smallest width you want to support. The smaller grid classes also apply to larger screens unless overridden specifically for larger screen width. Use a specific col-* to prevent that vertical stacking. Specific col-* class in your HTML markup. However, these columns can also be combined to create columns that are wider and positioned differently. Key points on Responsive Design using the Grid:Ĭolumns will stack vertically (and become full-width) at the smaller screen widths unless you use a The grid system of Bootstrap 4 allows you to divide a row into 12 columns of equal width. The sidebar will stack on top at the sm breakpoint of 576px: The right column will automatically grow to fill the width. Here’s an example of combining the classic defined-width columns, Remember, you can switch out sm for whatever breakpoint (md,lg,xl) is needed.Ģ columns, left sidebar & right. In this example, the `cols` remain horizontal until the sm breakpoint of 576px, and then stack vertically: The `cols` remain horizontal at all widths, and don’t stack vertically because the xs breakpoint is the default:ģ equal-width columns (responsive). Take a look at a few auto-layout Grid examples…ģ equal-width columns. But, don’t forget, the 12-unit columns can be mixed-in as needed. The auto-layout columns are perfect for any layout scenarios where equal-width columns are required. Because of their simplicity, I prefer them over the classic 12-unit columns. The Bootstrap 4 auto-layout columns also work responsively. For example:įor a different column width on a larger tier, use the appropriate larger breakpoint to override the smaller breakpoint.įor example, 3 columns wide on sm, and 4 columns wide on md-and-up: For the same column width on all tiers, just set the width for the smallest tier that’s desired. Therefore, col-sm-6 really means 50% width on small-and-up. Or, in reverse... xl > overrides lg > overrides md > overrides sm > overrides (xs) Larger breakpoints, override Smaller breakpoints. Since (xs) is the default breakpoint, the col-12 is implied. Since I didn’t specify a default Column width, the 50% width was only applied on 768px and wider for the sm breakpoint. This is because (xs) is the default or implied breakpoint.
On less than 768px, the 2 columns become 100% width and stack vertically: The col-sm-6 means use 6 of 12 columns wide (50%), on a typical small device width (greater than or equal to 768 px):
They enable you to control Column behavior at different screen widths.įor example: here are 2 columns, each 50% width: So instead ofīootstrap uses CSS media queries to establish these Responsive Breakpoints.
Why did I put (xs) in parenthesis, and not the other breakpoints? Since xs (extra-small) is the defaultīreakpoint, the -xs infix that was used for Bootstrap 3.x is longer used in Bootstrap 4.x.